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Tobacco
review
Nicotine- highly addictive drug found in ALL tobacco products.
Carcinogen is any chemical or agent that causes cancer.
Tar is a sticky black substance in tobacco smoke that coats the inside of the airways and contains carcinogens.
Carbon monoxide is a colorless gas that blocks O2 from getting into the blood stream.
Other chemicals- more than 4000 chemicals in smoke including:
Cyanide- a poisonous gas used to develop photos.
Formaldehyde- a substance used to preserve lad animals and is an embalming fluid.
Lead- a dangerous metal
Vinyl chloride- a flammable gas used to make plastic products.
6 types of tobacco products: cigarettes, chewing tobacco, snuff (dip), pipe tobacco, cigars and herbal cigarettes.
§ Smokeless tobacco and snuff 2-3 times more nicotine than smoke. 8 dips/day=30 cigarettes.
§ Smokeless tobacco contains Tar and nicotine but also arsenic, nickel, benzopyrene and polonium (gives off radiation)
§ Snuff and chew tobacco mouth sores and oral cancer which can be disfiguring when they have to remove bone and tissue.
§ Herbal cigarettes (cloves, bidis and kreteks) contain tobacco and spice that makes them taste better so their flavor is more attractive to teens.
§ Pipe and cigars cause oral cancer.
NO SAFE FORM OF TOBACCO IS THE MESSAGE.
Everyday 3000 young people start smoking. Almost ½ of adolescents who continue to smoke on a regular basis will die from smoking related illnesses.
Dangers of tobacco use
Emphysema- a respiratory disease in which air can not move in and out of the alveoli because they have become blocked or lose their elasticity.
Side stream smoke- smoke that escapes from the tip of cigarette, cigar or pipe.
Mainstream smoke- smoke inhaled and exhaled by the smoker.
Secondhand smoke is a combination of side and mainstream smoke.
Short term effects of smoking:
It takes only seconds for nicotine inhaled to get into the bloodstream and acts immediately
.
Effects:
Stimulates the brain reward system (pleasure)
Increases HR and BP
Increases breathing
Increases blood sugar levels
Stimulates the vomit reflex
CO2 blocks the O2 from getting into the bloodstream.
Tar irritates the insides of the lungs which causes coughing.
Dip chemicals damage the insides of the mouth, gums are irritated, sores and cancer of the mouth.
Breath and clothes smell
Black spots on teeth
Snuff and chew cause you to spit often
None of this is pretty!!!
Long term effects:
Affects the whole body. The difference between the life expectancy of an average smoker and non smoker is 20 years.
Addiction- stimulates the brain reward system (pleasure) and changes the way the brain functions. Which leads to addition
Bronchitis and Emphysema (as above)
The large tubes in the lungs- bronchi and smaller tubes bronchioles deliver O2 to the tiny air sacks the alveoli in the lungs.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder COPD is a condition that is a combo of chronic bronchitis and emphysemas. COPD is almost always linked to smoking.
Heart disease and artery diseases- 170,000 people die each from these. Nicotine increases HR, narrows blood vessels and eventually causes the arteries to become hardened and clogged. Effects: risk of heart attack, blood clots and stroke.
Cancer- lung, pancreas, bladder, cervix and kidney. Tobacco products major cause of mouth and throat cancer. Lung cancer often spreads to other parts of body, which makes it so deadly.
Immune system depression- chemicals reduce the immune system cells. The body is more vulnerable to diseases.
Other long-term effects. - Damage to the stomach, inability to neutralize acids after a meal. Increase in acid leads to damage to the stomach. Dulls the sense of smell and taste.
Why do people (teens) smoke?
Family and friends- if they smoke this seems normal. Friends urge you to smoke. Being around smokers more chance of smoking.
Misconceptions- don’t believe the bad messages. See people who have used tobacco for many years who seem fine. Tobacco related cancers are often not detected until large and have spread.
Advertising- rugged cowboys, attractive models and cartoon characters. They are selling that smoking makes men handsome and strong, women attractive and smoking is fun and makes you look cool.
Curiosity- wonders what it is like.
Rebellion-Adults say don’t smoke. Teens often think they are proving their independence.
Tobacco use on family and society-
Family: buying the product
Lost wages due to illness
Medical bills
Funeral costs
Watching a family member die and caring for them.
What is the cost of smoking?
Start at age 15 and smoke until death at 65. Cigarettes $4.00 a pack and smoke 2 packs a day.
50 years of smoking x $8.00/day x 365 days= $146,000.00
Cost to society- Accidental fires, insurance costs paid and medical care cost that smokers can not pay for. 138 billion
400,000 premature deaths each year
75% of society does not smoke.
The law- selling to under 18 is illegal. Huge fines if caught selling.
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