Grade 8 Social Studies Review 8th Grade: Take the Quizzes to start reviewing for the NY State Social Studies Exam: June 2 and 3
Soup Kitchen:Trinity Episcopal Church meeting room entrance off the corner of Highland Ave (Route 9) and Eastern Ave, across from Main Street in Ossining, New York.
Confirmation hours and Student Councils
Current Events Due Dates:
11/9, 11/23, 12/7 and 1/4
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Extra Help Days
Mondays: 7 th grade
Tuesdays:
Wednesdays:
Thursdays: 8th grade
Fridays: Student Council meetings (I will let you know the specfic dates)
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6M: Religion: Chapter 3: test Second Creation Story, Friday, November 6
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6: Chapter test The Beginning of Human Society (packet) pgs. 16-29, Friday, November 6
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7: Chapter 3: 12 Colony project project Thursdays, November 8 (students should be doing research and printing at home) In class, the groups will meet to put it together.
extra credit: 2 points for every book on your colony.
Studying, completing homework, and time management are a necessary part of this year.
Chapter 15 ( Section 1, 3, and 5 only): Test next Tuesday, November 10
Homework wkbk pg. 237
Notes:
Chapter 15
Torn By War (1861-1865)
What are the causes of the Civil War?
South fears that it will lose power in the national government
Issue of slavery in the territories divides the North and South
Northerners hated the Fugitive Slave Law
Southern states secede after Lincoln’s election
Confederate bombard Fort Sumter
Preparing for War
A Nation Divided
The two sides
The South
Defensive war
Defending homeland- a strong reason to fight
Excellent soldiers-
best officers in US military came from the south
Few Factories
to produce weapons, railroad tracks
Small population
9 million people
The North
22 million people
Industry –
Made 90% of nation’s manufactured goods
70% of railroads
Strong Navy
Offensive war
Conquer all the southern territories
Invading unfamiliar lands
Wartime leaders:
President Jefferson Davis of the Confederacy.
President Abraham Lincoln of the United States.
Questions: What areas of the United States was Lincoln the president. Does Lincoln acknowledge the south as an independent Nation : Why or why not?
Activity: textbook pg. 456 (3-4)
The Struggle Begins
Strategies for Victory
Union plans:
Blockade southern ports
Halt trade in Europe
Seize control of the Mississippi river:
Keep the south from shipping supplies
Seize Richmond, Virginia:
Capture Confederate headquarters
Confederate plans:
Stay at home and hope that Union soldiers would get tired and go home
Confident that Europe would recognize their independence
Forward to Richmond:
A clash of untrained troops
Southern general Thomas Jackson, “ Stonewall Jackson,” stood their grounds
Union member retreated
Battle of Bull Run, Virginia showed that both sides soldiers needed training
War would be long and bloody
General George McClellan - Commander of Union Army.
Robert E. Lee commander of the Confederate army.
Antietam, Maryland:
Battle of Antietam; neither side won a clear victory
Lee’s battle plan lost, but found by Union soldiers
McClellan was slow to act
Winning the Mississippi
Battle of Shiloh, Tennessee-
General Ulysses S. Grant (Union) captures important tributaries.
Bloodiest Battle
Union gain control of the Mississippi River
Fall of Vicksburg, Mississippi
July 4, 1863 Vicksburg surrendered after six week of siege
Freedom
Addressing the Issue of slavery
Emancipation Proclamation
Union soldiers are fighting to free the slave as well as save the union
African Americans in the War
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment
Confederate Victories
Fredericksburg, Virginia
General Ambrose Burnside (union)
General Robert E. Lee
Chancellorsville, Virginia
Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee defeated union soldiers in 3 days
Battle of Gettysburg (July 1–3, 1863)
fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,
was the largest battle ever fought in North America,
considered to be the turning point of the American Civil War
Gettysburg Address
Lincoln states that the civil war was a test of whether a democratic state can survive
Nation founded on the belief that “all men are created equal.”
Total War
Destroying all farms and livestock
General William Sherman- capture Atlanta, GA- destroying everything in his path expect
Farms, livestock, and railroads
Lincoln Reelected
The War ends
Richmond falls
Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, April 9, 1865
Soldiers turn over rifles, allowed to keep horses
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